Oil burner



Patented July 12, 1927.

UNITED STATES JAMES '1. GBOTENHUIS; OF ORANGE CITY, IOWA.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed May .13,

My invention relates to oil burners of the gravity feed type, and it is my object to provide such a burner which is of simple, durable and inexpensive construction.

More particularly, my invention has to do with that type of oil burners in which a mixing bowl, having a multi-perforated side for entrance of air, and having an imperforate bottom to retain a charge of liquid fuel, is supported below a central perforation in the top of a casing which surrounds the bottom, to provide an air flue.

It is my object to provide such a burner in which the top, together with the mixing bowl, may be readily removed from the casing to allow inspectlon, repair, cleaning and the like.

Another object is to provide such a burner in which the parts are arranged to allow a continuous air blanket to flow between the upper edge of the bowl and the edge of the aperture in the top, so as to prevent contact of the flame with the edge of said aperture.

A still further object is .to provide an overflow construction which will not interfere with the removal of the bowl from the casing, and which will not collect carbon and the like resulting from the combustion within the burner.

With these and other objects in view, my invention consists in the construction, ar-

' rangement and combination of the various parts of my device, whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter more fully set forth, pointed out in my claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawin s, in which:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the burner. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the burner base with the top and bowl removed. Fig. 3 is a sectional'yiew taken. on th line 3-3 of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view, taken as indicated by the line 4-4 of Fig. 3.

I am aware that 1t 1s notnew in oil burner construction to use a perforated bowl suspended within an air casing, below an a ertured top, in such-a manner that the dra t of air will pass upwardly through the casing and enter the bowl through the perforations and thence pass out through the aperture in the top.

In such a burner, however, as well as in most types of burners, certain problems are encountered, such as the tendency of the overflow pipe (which is an essential element "gutter,

1926. Serial No. 108,823.

in gravity feed burners), to clog with carbon, soot and the like, theclogging and carbonizing of the bowl, and the carbonizing of the edge of the aperture from which the flame issues.

In the burner shown and described herein I have met these problems by certain features of construction which allow very ready disassembling of the burner for cleaning and inspection purposes, and other features which I will hereinafter more fully describe.

The air casing of the burner is preferably cylindrical in shape, and has a cylindrical side wall, 10, open at both ends, which may be formed satisfactorily of sheet metal. The

base is formed of a cast metal ring, 11, having an upstanding flange, 12, which forms, together with the ring, 11, the shoulder, 13, to receive the lower edge of the side wall, 10. The side wall is secured to the flange, 12, by any suitablemeans, such as the screws, 14.

The top of the casing is formed as a ringshaped plate, 15,- having a central aperture, 16, and a downwardly extending flange, 17, which fits Within the side wall, 10, and properly positions the top relative to the casing.

The mixing bowl is of sheet metal construction and comprises the cylindrical side wall, 18, provided with a large number of small perforations, 19, and secured at its lower end to an imperforate bottom or oil Pan, 20.

The pan, 20, is stamped out of a single sheet of metal to provide the upwardly extending flange, 21, and the gutter, 22. The flange, 21, is welded or otherwise suitably secured to the side wall, 18, and the 22, surrounds the bowl below the lowest row of perforations, 19. At one side a lip, 23, is formed in the gutter, 22, to discharge overflow oil.

The mixing bowl is supported from the top by means ofbrackets, 24, secured to the bowl, ofl'set outwardly as at 25 and thence 27 and 28,

ture, 16, so that the main volume of air passing upwardly through the air casing will enter the bowl through the apertures, 19. Oil which has been delivered to the bowl and allowed to collect in the pan, 20, .will be heated by conduct-ion downwardly from the side walls, 18, and radiation, and will be converted into a vapor which will pass upwardly toward the aperture, 16. This vapor will be intimately mixed by a multitude of line jets of air passing into the bowl from the openings, 19, and which will burn with a column of flame extending upwardly from the burner.

It is well understood by engineers that a ellow flame is the most eflicient for an oil urner in'the production of heat, and I find that with the burner shown a substantially perfect combustion can be obtained. However, the combustion in the aperture, 16, is not complete, and in oil burners of this type, It has been found that carbon will deposit upon the edge of the aperture, especially at the points where the brackets connect the bowl with the top. Prevention of carbon deposit can be obtained by allowing a space of air between the upper edge of the bowl and the edge of the aperture. The two are so positioned that a continuous sheet of air will entirely cover the surface of the aperture and prevent the flame touching it at an point. I find that by offsetting the brackets as shown, this stream of air, although it divides around the brackets, will reunite before it strikes the aperture and will form a continuous blanket around the entire edge of the aperture.

As a result, the aperture is left perfectly bright and clean at all times during the operation of the burner. This is important inasmuch as carbon deposits upon the edge of the aperture will affect the flame issuing from the burner in such a way as to reduce its heating efficiency.

The oil delivery pipe comprises a section of piping, 2S, threaded into a boss, 29', formed in the base of the burner and having at its upper end an elbow, 30, terminating closely a jacent the side wall of the bowl. The elbow is connected with the bowl by means of a nipple, 31, extending through an opening, 32, in the side wall, 18, and threaded as at 33 into the elbow, 30. Thus oil is delivered to the pan, 20, without the possibility of leaking outside the bowl, and yet, when it is desired to remove the bowl, tie nipple, 31, may be simply reached through the aperture, 16, unthreaded from the elbow, 30, and withdrawn through the opening, 32. When it is desired to adj ustthe spacing between the bowl and top, both of the nuts, 27 and 28, may be rotated.

Dilliculty has-been experienced with overflow pipes, when they are connected to the owl, becoming clogged with carbon. I

therefore provide an overflow pipe, 34., which communicates with a cup, 35, formed in the base. The cup, 35, ispositioned directly below the lip, 23, so as to receive the overflow oil from the gutter, 22. Since there is no direct connection with the interior of the bowl, there is no possibility of carbon entering the overflow pipe, and since there is no connection whatever with the bowl, the overflow does not interfere with the removal of the bowl.

A further advantage in this construction lies in the fact that where the overflow is connected directly with the member in which combustion takes place, the heat which is communicated to the pipe will carbonize the oil flowing through it. In my construction this is not possible.

Some changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of the parts of my invention without departing from the real spirit and purpose of my invention, and it is my intention to cover by my claims any modified forms of structure or use of mechanical equivalents which may be reasonably included within their scope.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an oil burner, a casing having an open top, a centrally apertured cover plate loosely resting over said top, a mixing bowl y suspended from said top and surrounding said opening, an oil delivery pipe secured in the base and terminating near the bowl, and a nipple extended through a wall of the bowl and having a detachable connection with the said pipe, said nipple being accessible through the-aperture of the cover plate and removable into the bowl to allow removal of the top and cover plate from the casing.

2. In an oil burner, a casing having an open top, a centrally apertured cover plate loosely resting over said top, a mixing bowl suspended from said top and surrounding said opening, an oil delivery pipe secured in the base and terminating near the bowl, and a nipple extended through a wall of the bowl and having a screw threaded connection with said pi e, said nipple being accessible through the aperture of the cover plate and removable into the bowl to allow removal of the top and cover plate from the casing.

3. In an oil burner, a casing, apertured top on said casing, said an edge surrounding the aperture, which is curved downwardly and outwardly, to form a curved edge surface mergin with the under surface of the top, a mixlng bowl of cylindrical shape having its upper extremity completely open and its upper edge concentric with the top a low the top closely ad acent the termination of said curved edge surface, and brackets secured to the bowl, offset outwardly, and

a centrally top having perture and spaced bethence extended upwardly and secured to the top, thereby allowing the said air sheet to be reunited after passing the brackets, before reaching the edge of the aperture.

4. In an oil burner, a casing having-an open top, a centrally apertured cover plate loosely resting over said top, a mixing bowl suspendedfrom said top and surrounding said opening, said bowl having a multierforated side wall and a gutter surrounding said wall below the lowermost perforations, said gutter having a discharge lip, and an overflow receiving cup in the casing below said lip.

5. In an oil burner; a casing having an open top, a centrally apertured cover late loosely resting over said top, a mixing owl suspended from said top and surrounding said opening, said bowl having a multiperforated side wall and a gutter surrounding said wall below the lowermost perfora tions, said gutter having a discharge lip, an overflow receiving cup in the casing below said lip, an oil delivery pipe secured in the base and terminating near the bowl, and a nipple extended through a wall of the bowl and having a detachable connection with the said pipe, said nipple being accessible through the aperture of the cover plate and removable into the bowl to allow removal of the top and cover plate from the casing..

6. In an oil burner, an air casing, a mixing bowl suspended from the top of, said casing,

said wall having a multi-perforated, side wall and an imperforate lower portion over which oil may overflow, a gutter secured to the exterior of said imperforate portion in position to receive overflow oil and adapted to direct such overflow oil to a particular position, and an overflow receiving cup under said position, and removed from the zone of heat which will produce carbonization. v

7. In an oil burner, a casing, a mixing bowl suspended within said casing, said mixing bowl having an imperforate lower portion over the upper extremity of which oil may overflow, a gutter surrounding said imperforate portion to receive said overflow oil, said gutter being arranged to discharge oil at a particular position and an overflow receiving cup under said position and removed from the zone of heat which will produce carbonization.

Signed at Sioux City, in the county of Woodbury and State of-Iowa, this 7th day of May, 1926. I

JAMES T. GROTENHUIS. 

